MICROFACIES ANALYSIS, DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY OF NEOPROTEROZOIC LIMESTONE OF SINCHA FORMATION, KATHUA DISTRICT, JAMMU
Abstract
Microfacies analysis helps in the identification of different carbonate particles, which form and grow in different depositional and diagenetic environments. Different textural classes were identified- mudstone facies, wackestone facies, packestone facies and grainstone facies.These textural facies are divisible into ten microfacies types- pelmicrite, pelsparite,intramicrite, intrasparite, algal biomicrite, algal biosparite, sparite with allochemical ghosts, micrite, sparite and dismicrite. The lateral facies suggests fluctuations from calm deeper conditions to agitated conditions in the depositional basin. At a number of stratigraphic levels high-energy intertidal intraclastic rocks and supratidal intrasparite formed. The algal laminates laterally grade to algal flats of supratidal to intertidal environments suggesting local reef forming conditions.The facies in this environment represent mudstone with peloids, algal mats, intraclastic wackestone and terrigenous inputs from the land. These microfacies are attributed to the microfacies belts of 8 and 9 MFZ. These Facies belts are confined to the restricted platforms and platform evaporate environment which are represented by cut-off lagoon and coastal ponds with restricted circulation. Calcareous algae are abundant in these shallow marine carbonates. The observed assemblage is dominated by Cyanobacteria which shows hypobradytelic evolution.
The microfacies dominated by the presence of micrite in the inter-columnar spaces reflect their deposition and growth in the low intertidal or shallow or subtidal conditions with barriers preventing strong wave splashes. Pyrite found associated with the rhythmites may be syngenitic, which developed into a restricted euxinic environment. On the whole the microflora and associated microfacies are indicative of development in the intertidal zone of protected lagoon, in the supratidal and subtidal environments of the pertidal environment setting.
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