Evaluating the source and Quality of River and Groundwater using hydrochemistry and stable isotopes in Tawi Watershed, Jammu District, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Meenu  Sharma; Sundeep Kumar  Pandita; Dr. Rajwant

doi:10.51710/jias.v38i2.189

Authors

Meenu Sharma University of Jammu, Jammu
Sundeep Kumar Pandita University of Jammu, Jammu
Dr. Rajwant

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51710/jias.v38i2.189

Keywords:

Kandi, Sirowal, Tawi river, Isotope hydrology, Hydrogeochemical.

Abstract

Hydrogeochemical and isotopic composition of river and groundwater in Kandi and Sirowal belts of Jammu District in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir was carried out to understand the recharge source and chemical nature of these waters for drinking water quality criteria. Physical parameters (temperature, pH, Total dissolved solids, total hardness and electrical conductivity), major cations and anions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, HCO₃^-, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, NO₃^-) and stable isotopes (d¹⁸O and d²H) inTawi river and groundwater samples from hand pumps and tube wells were measured. The dominant cation is Ca²⁺ and the dominant anion HCO₃^- implyingCaHCO₃type water in both river and groundwater. To assess the quality of water for drinking purposes, Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) has been calculated. The GWQI indicates that Kandi and Sirowal belts are showing “Excellent” to “Good” category for drinking purposes. The stable isotopic composition of river water and groundwater is indicative of meteoric origin and enrichment before groundwater recharge. The stable isotopes in water suggest that the active canals in Sirowal belt,and rainfall and river water near the banks in Kandi belt contribute to ground water recharge.

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